Which species of Plasmodium is related to quartan malaria?

Quartan malaria is specifically caused by Plasmodium malariae, which is characterized by a fever pattern that typically occurs every three days (or every 72 hours). This type of malaria is distinct from other forms due to the cycle of fever and the length of the intervals between symptomatic episodes.

Plasmodium malariae occupies a unique niche within the Plasmodium genus because it is responsible for a much less common form of malaria compared to other species, particularly Plasmodium falciparum, which is associated with the most severe cases and causes fever every two days, and Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium ovale, which both relate to tertian malaria with symptoms every two days.

Understanding these associations not only helps in identifying the causative agent during diagnosis but also indicates the epidemiological implications, treatment options, and potential for severe complications. Thus, identifying Plasmodium malariae as the agent of quartan malaria is crucial in both clinical and public health contexts.