Which disease can result in symptoms such as paralysis and respiratory difficulties?

Poliomyelitis, commonly known as polio, is caused by the poliovirus and is particularly known for its association with the potential for severe symptoms, including paralysis and respiratory difficulties. The virus primarily affects the central nervous system and can lead to muscle atrophy and paralysis, which underscores the significance of vaccination in preventing the disease.

In addition to causing paralysis in the legs or other parts of the body, polio can also impact the respiratory muscles, leading to complications such as difficulty breathing. This characteristic sets polio apart from the other diseases listed. Diphtheria can cause serious throat issues and airway obstruction, but it does not primarily lead to paralysis. Measles is known for its rash and respiratory symptoms, but not for paralysis. Hepatitis primarily affects the liver and does not lead to these symptoms either. Thus, poliomyelitis is correctly identified as the disease associated with paralysis and respiratory difficulties.