What type of malaria is classified as benign tertian malaria?

The classification of benign tertian malaria is attributed to Plasmodium vivax. This type of malaria is characterized by periodic fevers that typically occur every 48 hours, hence the term “tertian,” which refers to the third day. Plasmodium vivax is distinguished by its ability to form dormant liver stages (hypnozoites), which can reactivate and cause relapses of the disease.

The benign nature of P. vivax malaria is emphasized through its generally milder symptoms compared to other types, particularly Plasmodium falciparum, which is known for causing severe malaria. The understanding of P. vivax as a benign form of malaria plays a crucial role in treatment and management, influencing the approach to antimalarial medications and the need for possible hypnozoite-targeting treatments to prevent relapses.

In this context, other species like Plasmodium ovale, while also causing benign malaria, is less commonly referenced than P. vivax. Plasmodium falciparum leads to severe complications, and Plasmodium malariae is associated with quartan malaria, manifesting a different fever cycle. Thus, P. vivax is specifically recognized for benign tertian malaria, firmly establishing